Roman+Empire

Kaylee Stock,Makenzie Preston, Nicole Johnson Roman Empire 600 B.C.- A.D 500  I am dying, Egypt, dying. - Marc Antony

Rome is located on the peninsula of Italy. The geography of the peninsula had an important role in the civilization of Rome. This included the convience of the way they had to the sea which made it favorable to early settlers. Later on, this became the crossroads for the affairs between Italy and the Mediterrean Empire. The peoples of Rome consisted of Latins, Greeks, and Etruscans. The Greeks had a major influence on Rome, which included the passing on of their farming, their alphabet, and their artistic and cultural models. Etruscans also had an influence on Rome. They launched a building program and influenced the organization of the Roman army.

The organization of the Rome government consisted of two consuls and two praetors. They also had a Roman Senate which was an elite group of particians and eventually had the force of law. In addition to the Senate there were several people's assemblies. The most important one of these was the centuriate assembly. Their job was to elect chief officials and pass laws. The first set of laws was called the Twelve Tables. From the Twelve Tables Rome advanced onto a more sophisticated system of laws. They created a Law of Nations and this created the standards of justice that then was able to be applied to all people.

Rome's first wars constisted of the battles between Rome and Carthage. These were called the Punic Wars. The First Punic War was won by Rome, but Carthage wanted revenge and started the Second Punic War. During the Second Punic War the Carthigian general Hannibal started his army off strong, but in the end Carthage fell under Rome's power. This event had made Rome the dominant power in western Medditeranean. Over the next fifty years, Rome was characterized by civil wars as rulers competed for power. Julius Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey had won and emerged as the rulers. This was called the First Triumvirate. Later on Caesar became the dictator of the Roman Empire.Later came the Second Triumvirate which included the rule of Octavian, Marc Anthony, and Lepidus. The Age of Augustus came in 44 B.C and lasted until 14 A.D. Other emperors include Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero. Rome started to decline in 476 B.C. when the Barbarian leader Oodacer invaded and took over Rome. The Germans, Goths, Vandals, and Huns contributed to the Barbarian invasions and eventually caused the fall of Rome.

__ people: __ __**Gaius Julius Caesar**__ (100-44 B.C.) was the greatest man of ancient Rome. Though he was descended from an old aristocratic family, he was a member of the popular party from his earliest youth. __**Mark Antony**__ (83?-3o B.C.), whose name in Latin was Marcus Antonius, was an ambitious man, who for a time was master of half the Roman world. __**Marcus Tullius Cicero**__ (106-43 B.c.) was the foremost orator of ancient Rome. In his youth he studied the law, literature and philosophy with equal zeal. He also tried his hand at soldiering, but he did not distinguish himself. __**Augustus**__ (63 B.C.-14 An.), the founder and first ruler of the Roman Empire,was called Gaius Octavius as a boy. He was the grandnephew and the particular favorite of Julius Csar. __**Gaius Cilnius Maecenas**__ (7o?-8 B.C.) was a member of a respectable old Roman family, which claimed descent from the old kings of Etruria, in central Italy. terms: __**Appian Way**__-The Appian Way, known as the Queen of Roads, was built to transport the Roman army. It was begun in the third century B.C. leading from Rome southwards to Brundisium. __**Circus Maximus-**__Shaped suitably for chariots race -- meaning it was elliptical rather than round -- the Circus Maximus was the venue for the important Roman games in September honoring Jupiter. The Latins were also a people of the Italic peninsula (Italy). __**Partheon-**__ Although pantheon means "all gods" it refers to a specific building with a religious purpose, in Rome. __**Tiber River-**__The Tiber was the important river that ran through Rome.
 * __Latin-__**Latin is the language the Romans spoke and wrote in. Although many call Latin a dead language because it is not the mother tongue of any modern group of people, Latin is the mother language of the Romance languages, including French, Spanish, and Italian.

__**Timeline of Important Events:**__ 0- Birth of Jesus Christ __**Websites:**__ Roman Empire- The Roman army and the warfare. Roman Empire- Ancient Rome overview. Roman Empire- Regular Roman entertainment used in ancient times. Roman Empire-The empire that would go down in history. Roman Empire- Religion in Ancient Roman times.media type="youtube" key="ZmCtx11izBQ" height="312" width="414" align="left"
 * 264 BC**- War with Carthage (First Punic War")
 * 218 BC**- Hannibal invades Italy
 * 73 BC**- Slave uprising led by the gladiator called Spartacus
 * 45 BC**- Julius Caesar defeats Pompey to become the first dictator of Rome
 * 44 BC**- The Triumvirate of Marc Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian become the rulers of Rome
 * 31 BC**- Antony and Cleopatra are defeated by Octavian
 * 27 BC**- Octavian becomes Caesar Augustus, the first Roman Emperor until 14 AD
 * 33 AD**-Cucifixion of Jesus in the Roman province of Jurusalem and the origin of Christianity.
 * 380 AD**- Christianity is declared the sole religion of the Roman Empire by Theodosius I